José Luiz Braga 52 6. The critique Alongside the direct experimentation of communica- tion strategies to face the challenges arising in the wake of “new processes,” a relevant component of the social learning process is the critical work that develops (spontaneously or planned) on the experimentation itself. Individual learning implies the learner’s verification of the result of their attempts; the child learning to speak tests and verifies the outcome of their learning through tentative applica- tions receiving, by the result, the return on the success of the adventure. Socially, the critical gesture of examining processes with curiosity is a constitutive part of learning. In the canonical interaction processes already established in custom, the critique is a long-term procedure in the so- cial construction of reality, listening to the senses, attributing fine and subtle perceptions about its circulation, and complementing knowledg I e n . situations of review and experimentation, this con- struction by critique shows a more directly active process – possibly more polemic – on the experiences in progress. It is no lon- ger just about indicating meanings and attributing value. Above all, it is necessary to test and select the best answers, perceive logics still under construction, point out potentialities, identify limits, show risks, and redirect perspectives. In this context, the critique participates in the creative process, becomes a central element of learning through invention. The critique is the general scope of the so-called evolutionary epistemology in the scientific field. In science, it corresponds to the action of successive improvement in the generation of knowl- edge through the verification of propositions, the development of new questions, and debate. In the general social sphere of learning by invention and critical processes, this can be the arena in which ideas, tactics, and real-time attempts at social activities are tested by the interpretive generation itself, invented as a direct reaction to the proposals that appear without a certificate of validity and are exercised at risk.
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