Mediatization, circulation and social semiosis: references for critical analysis of platforms and algorithms 251 the epistemological perspective than to a phenomenon under analysis. In both studies, Verón problematizes circulation from the differentiation between grammars of production and grammars of recognition, which will be successively formalized in his theorizing. However, in the two studies there is still no explicitness of the concept of mediatization. In Spectacles (1985), he uses terms such as “media,” “mass media,” mediation” and “mediators;” in Ethnographie (1989), he uses terms such as non-mass media and has a section in which he bases the desig- nation of the exhibition as mass media. In Ethnographie (1989), media and devices are almost synonymous: De notre point de vue, la notion de « média » dé- signe un support de sens, un lieu de production (et donc de manifestation) du sens. Sur le plan du fonctionnement social, bien entendu, ces supports sont toujours le résultat de dispositifs technolo- giques matérialisés dans des supports de sens socialement disponibles, accessibles à l’utilisa tion à un moment donné (Veron, 1989, p. 6).6 In Spectacles (1985), the term media differs from the concept of device: Car il est devenu clair que la télévision ne peut pas être considérée comme un simple média, c’est-à- dire comme un canal neutre par lequel n’importe qui pourrait véhiculer n’importe quel message (1). Elle apparaît au contraire, à l’expérience, comme un dispositif de communication très spécialisé, requérant de la part des professionnels qui la font et la dirigent des compétences spécifiques (Verón, 1985, p. 5).7 6 "In our point of view, the notion of "media" designates a support of meaning, a place of production (and, therefore, of manifestation) of meaning. In terms of social functioning, of course, these supports have always been the result of technological devices materialized in supports of available social meaning, ac- cessible for use at an available time." 7 "While it is clear that television cannot be considered as a simple means of communication, it is as a neutral channel that can convey no matter what kind of
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